Gestión y tratamiento de agua | Water management and treatment FuturEnviro | Abril/Mayo April/May 2020 www.futurenviro.es 58 depuradoras de agua residuales hacen difícil poder extrapolar los datos de una zona a otra. Con el fin de afinar estos análisis , será necesario incluir en el modelo matemático los parámetros críticos capaces de estimar de forma precisa las variables que afectan tanto a los datos relacionados con la vigilancia epidemiológica, como por ejemplo cuales es el número real de casos positivos dentro de una Región, la concentración de SARS-COV-2 que es excretada por enfermos y asintomáticos, la variabilidad y la estacionalidad de las depuradoras, así como factores ambientales (lluvia y temperatura) que también afectan a los flujos de las aguas residuales. Conclusión En general, la vigilancia de aguas residuales representa un enfoque complementario para estimar la presencia e incluso la prevalencia de COVID-19 en una población. Sin embargo, su utilización como un sistema de alerta temprano, lo convierte en una herramienta eficaz que debe tenerse en cuenta por los gestores a la hora de tomar decisiones sobre las medidas preventivas que son necesarias para evitar un nuevo repunte de la enfermedad, principalmente cuando la capacidad para realizar pruebas masivas a la población es reducida. can mention the fact that mass testing is not yet being carried out on the population and that the intrinsic characteristics of sewage pipes and wastewater treatment plants make it difficult to extrapolate data from one region to another. In order to optimise these analyses, the mathematical model will have to include the parameters needed to estimate precisely the variables that influence data associated with epidemiological surveillance. These variables include the real number of positive cases within a region, the concentration of SARS-COV-2 excreted by patients and asymptomatic carriers, the variability and seasonality of the wastewater treatment plants, and environmental factors (rainfall and temperature), which also affect wastewater streams. Conclusion In general, wastewater surveillance represents a complementary approach for estimating the presence and even the prevalence of COVID-19 in a population. Its implementation as an early warning systemmakes it a useful decision-making tool for those responsible for adopting the preventive measures necessary to prevent a new outbreak of the disease, mainly when the capacity to carry out mass testing of the population is limited. Referencias | References Ahmed,W., Angel, N., Edson, J., Bibby, K., Bivins, A., O’Brien, J.W., Choi, P.M., Kitajima, M., Simpson, S.L., Li, J., Tscharke, B., Verhagen, R., Smith,W.J.M., Zaugg, J., Dierens, L., Hugenholtz, P., Thomas, K. 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Prolonged presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA in faecal samples. Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 5, 434–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/S24681253(20)30083-2. Wurtzer, S., Marechal, V., Mouchel, J.-M., Moulin, L., 2020. Time course quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Parisian wastewaters correlates with COVID-19 confirmed cases. medRxiv 2020.04.12.20062679. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.12.20062679. Walter Randazzo1,2, Pilar Truchado3, Enric Cuevas-Ferrando2, Pedro Simón Andreu4, Ana Allende3, Gloria Sánchez2* 1Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia 2Department of Preservation and Food Safety Technologies, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, IATA-CSIC 3Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Department of Food Science and Technology, CEBAS-CSIC 5ESAMUR
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