34<< AERONAUTICS Image 3. Representative TEM images of the of the commercial SiC used to act as core in the synthesis of the core-shell nanoparticles Additionally the company Laurentia has scaled-up a process for the future industrial production of that core-shell systems. Equipments for producing the ‘core-shell’ NPs at industrial scale. In this stage we have concluded that the homogeneous precipitation of metal oxide in the presence of the SiC nanoparticles produces a homogeneous shell. In order to minimize the addition of oxygen to the nal Ti alloy when adding a 1% of core-shell nanoparticles to the total powder mixture the thickness of the shell is around 10 nm. This fact is important because the homogeneity can be obtained easily in only one synthesis step and no further oxide precipitation is needed. Safe by Design The concept Safe-by-Design is developed as a way to incorporate HSE (Health, safety & environmental) management aspects in an early stage of the innovation process in order to guarantee safety at the workplace, for consumers, and the environment. The integration of the HSE policies and standards controlling the risks related to the use of nano-particles throughout the Nanotund3D value chain makes the manufacture and use of the new material a safe-by- design work ow. Vito is implementing this concept following a 5 steps methodology which is being applied in all partners in the consortium 1. Step 1: Nanomaterial identi cation. To be further investigated in 2. biological systems. Step 2: Exposure assessment. On-site visits for description of exposure scenarios (ES) and expo- sure measurements (EM), depending on the processes taking place at the different partners’ premises Lab-scale core-shell production (ES+EM), pilot-scale core-shell production (ES+EM), Aditive Manufacturing (ES), powder manufacture (ES; table 1), high kinetic processing and hot extrusion process (ES+EM; photo 1); other processes in line with project development - - - - - - Activities Technical measures & operational conditions Personal protection Environment Recommen- dations Gas atomization (VIGA); Pressure process (lab scale); Hot isostatic pressure (HIP) Local exhaust ventilation for weighing balance; Fume cupboard for pressure process; VIGA, calcination, and HIP are contained VIGA: short gloves, respiratory mask, overall Weighing: FFP3 mask, short nitrile gloves, lab coat No direct release to surface water/soil /waste water; Release to air and possible deposition First engineering controls than PPE, FP3 mask, long gloves; Separate nano-waste (label, bag-in-bag); clean with HEPA vacuum clearner followed by wet cleaning Table 1. Example of ES during powder manufacture al CEIT.