42|PROTAGONISTA professional challenges have made me who I am today. All the technological developments must be very exciting, this fast race of technology. It must be challenging to constantly explore new ways to illuminate. One of the major attractions that lighting has for me is the combination of art and technology. A lighting project has to solve many and different problems. We have esthetic problems and technological and budget problems. It is all part of that great whole that is the lighting project. In my opinion, Lighting is in constant evolution because of the amount of technology implied in the development of luminaries and lighting sources. Therefore, we are forced to be in a constant learning process that should not stop. It is always very exciting to see what is beyond the horizon. The current tendency leans towards using more solid sources, LEDs for example. Consequently, LEDs are taking many shapes and solving various needs within the lighting field. Understanding their function and their correct use keeps us updated. We must not fall behind. How do you work with your manufacturers? How do you build an interaction with them so that you can understand their new products and then apply them to your lighting designs? How do you keep up with innovations? The first thing we have to understand is that the market is changing its configuration drastically. The major generators of technology, in terms of lighting sources, are in a process of change. They are translating many of their traditional lighting sources to the solid state technologies: LEDs; this is changing the landscape. The major companies in terms of investigation are developing “chips” that are then used by all other companies: Shikato,etc All those companies have a very complete and complex developments department. Manufacturers use these first building blocks and then develop new ways to apply them to the specific needs of lighting. Therefore, designers have to be in constant contact with all the sources that publish all this information, for example: magazines, books, etc., as well as attend as many actualization conferences and courses as possible. In a previous interview you mentioned that in the United States of North America you learned that lighting is comprised of two parts: a subjective one and an objective one. Can you explain? Every lighting project has a practical goal: users that live and enjoy the space where they carry on their activities. Usually, lighting projects stop after they reach this goal but I believe that every lighting project should go beyond this objective need and add another layer of subjective reading. It does not have to impress the user at first sight; maybe just something that lingers in his memory. It could be a feeling or an image. Sometimes this is what makes a project successful. We cannot forget that the main goal of a project is functionality; we have to fulfill the requirements of our client: check the levels of lighting, intensity, color, etc. However, we must always try to transcend this objective need, with a subjective layer. You have also stated that your company is a laboratory, why? Because we are constantly making mistakes as a consequence of our method of “trial and error”. In my opinion this is the way. Now, we try to make mistakes in our workshop and not