32|REPORTAJE 3- Architectural Lighting The main goal of the lighting system is to achieve in a real way the lighting concepts of the design, the effects of light and shadow searched. The dimensional characteristics of the colossal Pharaoh ́s temples and tombs, make this target complex, taking into account also that this complexity increases when the positions of the lighting fixtures are limited to the ground and the distances to illuminate architectural elements are constrained by the ways in which visitors can walk. The lighting of columns was designed with lighting equipment that would allow orientation for precise control of light were needed, but at the same time it was considered essential to ensure that such orientation should remain fixed in time. Furthermore, it should solve a more difficult problematic, consisting in overpass the height of their bases in order to light their towering trunks as it had conceived in the lighting design, and reaching the wonderful capitals and lintels. These two premises led to a new idea for lighting: Circular projectors with long body were used, tall enough to raise the light source, without lira, with custom made adjustable optics under glass as closure to protected the optic and the angle, so that once the final orientation had done, can not be altered (except full opening of the projector by removing the screws). It is completely covered with artistic covers similar to the column ́s stone. In the case of the colossal statues in sitting or standing positions, special optics were designed to make an accent lighting covering the entire surface of the sculpture, focusing on it without exceeding their geometric limits. In walls with colorful paintings and reliefs, re-directional projectors with linear shape installed in continuous lines were used, looking for a very uniform wash of light over the walls, avoiding “gaps” or dark areas, and thus exhibiting the reliefs carved with greater depth, and paintings and hieroglyphic inscriptions clearly and with their true colors. The optics used were specially designed as intensive to wash uniformly from the floor (where would the projectors installed) to the top of the wall, about 12 meters high. Linear Technology LED projectors were used: with zero UVA and IR emission for the preservation of colors, high color rendering index to show them without altering its true tonality, and adjustable flow for programming the most appropriate level of lighting, which allow us to create the spiritual atmosphere searched and at the same time to facilitate reading the inscriptions. The technical solutions consisted: Using many and different optics depending of each architectural element, according to their dimensional and functional characteristics (statue, wall, column; height, length, volume). Selection of narrow beam, wide beam, medium beam, and elliptic beam optics, varying degrees depending on the case. Selection of the color temperature of the white light to create the desired environment, selection of the color rendering index adequate to show the natural color of the stone and paintings without any modification, use of efficient technologies for low power consumption, and lamps with zero emission of UVA and IR for the conservation: Metal halide lamps: Ra 80-90, 90-100 lm / W, 12,000-16,000 hours, 3000 K; High Power LED: Ra> 80, 100- 116 lm / W, 50,000 hours, 3000 K, not UVA, no IR, regulated and programmed with different lighting level scenes by control unit. Low Power LED: Ra> 80, 100 lm / W, 50,000 hours, 2600 K, not UVA, not IR. T5 HE fluorescent tube Ra> 80, 85- 95 lm / W, 19,000 hours, 3000 K. Lighting levels determined as a function of the general level of the environment, the relative importance of the architectural element with respect to the other elements, and the UNESCO recommendations for the lighting of monuments and their preservation (maximum values): UNESCO: Granite 300 Lux max, Limestone 100 Lux max, and normal Templo de Luxor