Integration of a system of support to the decision (Had Niter) with N-Sensor for the application of variable dose of nitrogen in cobertera in cereals of winter

Fruit of the collaboration go in Yara and Intia, from the campaign 2012, is carrying out a program demostrativo in the improvement of the efficiency in nitrogenous fertilisation, by means of the use of the team N-Sensor, in crops extensivos. In this article present the results of the first year in soft wheat of winter.

In this program have integrated two systems of fertilisation N, that works to different space levels. The first level consists in a handle of the crop, by means of a system of support to the decision (Had Niter) developed by INTIA in the frame of the project of the rural Network 2011 Agroasesor (Figure 1), that can integrate and modulate the variability of the climate and the floor between different plots.

The second level allows to face up to the variability inside the plot, by means of the use of a sensor of passive reflectance N-Sensor, synchronised with the abonadora that realizar the treatment in cobertera. This system allows dosificar the application of fertilizante N in function of the demand of the crop in the moment of the application. The combination of the two systems of recommendation allows to adapt so much, the quantity of fertilizante, like the date and the number of coberteras, depending on the climatic conditions and of the development of the crop.

During the campaign 2012, the program realizar entirely in an exploitation cerealista of the Cuenca of Pamplona, characterised by a half production of wheat of winter of 6.500 kg/has. All the program realizar with the collaboration of the agriculturalist Jesus Cabodevilla, responsible of said exploitation, with the aim to evaluate the ease of use of this integrated system. For this the program was still in nueve plots of wheat, in addition to realizar an essay demostrativo specific in the same exploitation.

For this essay used a design in bands, with two treatments of fertilisation and three repetitions, in a wheat of winter variety García, seeded the 31/10/2011. The bands were of some 300 m of long and 48 m of width. The total tax of N, applied with three coberteras, determined by means of the method of balance of N, in accordance with the recommendation of program of Had Niter, taking into account the analysis of the Nmin of the floor in the estadío GS 21 (start of godson), the performance expected, the demand of N of the crop, and the integration of the meteorological data newspapers and the characteristics of the floor of the plot. In both treatments the first and second coberteras did with uniform application of N. In the third cobertera realizar , in a treatment the uniform application, and in the another the variable application, controlled by the N-Sensor. In the treatment of fertilisation to variable dose the dose of reference of N in the third cobertera reduced in 10% in comparison with the uniform treatment (Figure 2).

All the machinery used in this study was provided by the agriculturalist Jesús Cabodevilla: the application of fertilizantes realizar with a CVX195 with automatic pilot, joined up with an abonadora Amazone ZA-M 1500 Profistronic (24 m of width of work) with Amatron + (Figure 3). The harvest realizar with a Claas 570 Montana, cosechadora of precision, with the collaboration of Juan Ignacio Labiano.

In the nueve plots of the exploitation (Figure 4) in which it has followed the program, the use of the N-Sensor in the third cobertera, allowed to reduce the application of fertilizante in 5,5% on the dose of N recommended total. The approach of the program of nitrogenous fertilisation of variable dose, that combines the system of support of decision Had Nitroy the N-Sensor, has resulted a viable solution for a better management of the nitrogenous fertilisation.

Appears 4: included Plots in the program for the application of the third cobertera with N-Sensor.

The N-Sensor has resulted to be a system of easy of handle and technically reliable, precise in the detection of variability intraparcelaria, because of the different development of the crop and to different levels of need of N, for example, discriminating automatically areas of the plot where there was risk of encamado of the crop, associated to an excess of N (Figure 5).

Appears 5: Areas of a plot with risk of encamado associated to excess of N and in which automatically the sensor has reduced to zero the dose to contribute in third cobertera.

Conclusions

Had Niter offers a service of ‘credited to the letter'. It is a system of technological support developed by Intia, that realizar the recommendation of credited in function of the characteristics of the plot, of the record of crops and of the meteorological conditions of the campaign. N-Sensor allows the application of variable doses of nitrogen in function of the demand of the cereal, in the moment of the cobertera, by means of a sensor of reflectance synchronised with the abonadora developed by the company Yara. The fertilisation with N-Sensor allowed performances more uniform and a lower risk of encamados by excess of N in the crops.

In this program has participated actively an agriculturalist navarro, Jesús Cabodevilla, the one who has realizar with N-Sensor the applications of credited of his exploitation cerealista in the Cuenca of Pamplona. Like conclusion has been able to reduce in 5,5% the dose of nitrogen applied to his plots keeping the same productive levels, that rondan the 6.500 kg/has. It is significant that the harvest of the two treatments testados in the essay has resulted to be the same, in spite of the saving of Nitrogen applied in the treatment with variable dosage. It has saved 10% of the uniform dose in the application of N in the third cobertera, without merma of the production.

The project sigAGROasesor will allow to put to disposal of the public sector, a technological platform of support to his work of agricultural advice, that allow to integrate the advances that are giving in the field of the intelligent agriculture: Smart Agriculture, always from the perspectives of social and environingingmental sustainability.

Gratitudes

This project was the germ of a line of work that continuous at present through the project Life+11 ENV/IS/641, sigAGROasesor: Customized advanced gis advisory tools for the sustainable management of extensive crops. This initiative Is developing through Intia that leads the project, with the participation of the State Agency of Meteorology (Aemet), the Technical Institute Agronómico Provincial of Albacete (ITAP), Neiker-Tecnalia, Fundació But Badia and the Institute of Investigation and Agricultural learning, Pesquera, Alimentary and of the Ecological Production of Andalucia (Ifapa). It is funded in 50% by the European Union.

In this project advances on the development of a tool of help to the most integral decision Had Ferti, that will tackle the advice in fertilisation NPK with fertilisers mineral and organic.

All the information of said project can consult through the web www.agroasesor.Ands.